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🌰 Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)

• Traditional European use: Tree used since the 16th century in traditional European phytotherapy.
  
  → History of phytotherapy (2013)
• Aescin: triterpene saponin characteristic of horse chestnut seeds.
  
  → Aescin composition (2014)
• Seed extract: Standardization in aescin according to European Pharmacopoeia specifications.
  
  → Horse chestnut standardization (2015)

🍇 Red vine (Vitis vinifera)

• Mediterranean tradition: vine leaves traditionally used in European wine-growing regions.
  
  → Mediterranean Tradition (2012)
• Anthocyanins and flavonoids: natural pigments responsible for red coloring and phenolic compounds.
  
  → Vine polyphenols (2014)
• Autumn red leaves: Optimum harvesting period for concentration of active ingredients.
  
  → Harvest period (2016)

🌼 Hamamelis (Hamamelis virginiana)

• Traditional Native American medicine: a shrub used by the indigenous populations of North America.
  
  → Native American Ethnobotany (2011)
• Tannins and proanthocyanidins: polyphenolic compounds concentrated in bark and leaves.
  
  → Witch hazel tannins (2017)
• Bark extract: Traditionally used part, rich in specific hamamelitins.
  
  → Witch hazel bark (2014)

🌿 Traditional Herbal Synergy

• Complementary trio: Association of plants with synergistic phytochemical profiles according to herbalism.
  
  → Traditional associations (2014)
• Age-old use: plants documented in traditional European and Amerindian pharmacopoeias.
  
  → Traditional pharmacopoeias (2014)
• Contemporary research: modern studies on the properties of extracts from these three plants.
  
  → Modern research (2013)

🔬 Concentrated and Standardized Extracts

• Titration of active ingredients: standardized extracts guaranteeing reproducible content of bioactive compounds.
  
  → Standardization extracts (2018)
• High extraction ratio: optimized concentration to preserve the integrity of the phytochemical spectrum.
  
  → Extraction processes (2017)
• Quality control: systematic analyses of purity and botanical identification of extracts.
  
  → Quality control (2015)

💊 Phytotherapic formulation

• Vegetable capsules: HPMC coating of plant origin, suitable for all diets.
  
  → Plant-based galenics (2014)
• Program 2 months: Traditionally recommended duration for the evaluation of plant extracts.
  
  → Phytotherapy duration (2014)
• Concentrated formula: balanced combination of the three extracts in optimized proportions.
  
  → Formulation (2012)

⚠️ Important note: The above studies relate to individual ingredients. These data do not constitute an efficacy claim for the finished product.